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Success story

Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency and VR Group

RFID based rail wagon tracking.

The Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency (Väylävirasto) and VR Group faced the challenge of precisely tracking rail wagons across Finland's extensive network. By implementing RFID, they achieved reliable wagon identification and automated data processing for enhanced safety and operational efficiency, even at speeds up to 250 km/h in harsh Finnish winter conditions.

RFID expert Kyösti Melametsä

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Kyösti Melametsä

Challenge

High-Speed Tracking in Extreme Environments

To ensure traffic safety and meet operational needs, Väylävirasto requires continuous monitoring of rolling stock conditions. This involves linking data from network detection systems (like hot axle box detection (HABD) and wheel impact load detection (WILD)) with individual wagons. At busy shunting yards, manually assigning maintenance operations to single wagons was time-consuming. The solution needed to be highly durable and heat-resistant, capable of reliable performance in harsh conditions (snow, ice) and at high speeds (up to 220 km/h for passenger trains). Furthermore, it could not rely on anything visual that might get dirty or be typed into a system wrong.

Railtrack and RFID antenna

Real-time monitoring and traceability of location and movement saves time and simplifies asset pool management, particularly in the rail yards." - Mikko Särkkä, Head of IT, VR Transpoint

Benefits

Reliable Wagon Identification

Reduction of Operational Costs

Increased Productivity

Enhanced Railway Safety

Outcome

The RFID implementation transformed rail wagon tracking, providing real-time monitoring of rolling stock for accurate identification of traffic on the Finnish railroad. This enables full exploitation of fault-detection data for preventive maintenance, significantly improving railway safety. The system delivers a complete, up-to-date inventory of all wagons and locomotives at all times, streamlines asset pool management, and enhances customer service for VR Transpoint’s cargo operations.

Solution

Rugged RFID for Rail Infrastructure

After extensive testing with both Väylävirasto and VR, Gen2 UHF RFID technology was proven the correct solution for wagon identification, even in the most challenging conditions. The system was rolled out across the entire Finnish rail network, spanning roughly 5,900 km (of which 5,600 km are currently trafficable).

The system integrates:

  • Robust Trackside Readers: Rugged Vilant Railroad Reader units are strategically installed along the trackside. These readers are paired with durable antennas designed to endure the harsh Finnish winter conditions, including temperatures down to -45°C, heavy snow, ice, and sleet. They detect individual wagons as trains pass by.
  • Durable RFID Tags on Wagons: Robust RFID tags are fixed on the side of each wagon. All wagons operated on the Finnish rail networks should be equipped with these RFID tags, with Finnish-origin/ownership wagons generally having them, while some foreign wagons may not.
  • Integrated Safety & Health Monitoring: The system connects with trackside detectors like HABD (Hot Axle Box Detection), which identifies overheating axle bearings, and WILD (Wheel Impact Load Detection), which detects wheel defects. These detectors pass their data to Vilant RFID readers, which then link the critical safety and infrastructure health information to individual wagons and transmit it to system users.
  • Centralized Data Management: Vilant Server stores all collected data, manages the fleet, and interfaces with Väylävirasto’s and VR’s backend systems. It calculates daily and overall mileage for each wagon.
  • Enhanced Interoperability: The solution enables data analysis and sharing with train operators like VR Group, allowing them to locate wagons and perform preventive maintenance.

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